Unit 3 | Grammar | B2
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Unit 3 | Grammar | B2

Phrasal verbs

go after pursue; follow
go by pass
go down with become ill
go in for start having an interest in
go on continue
go over examine carefully and systematically
go through suffer; endure
go with match; suit

Fill in the gaps with the appropriate phrasal verb in the correct tense.

  1. After a short introduction, he________________ to talk about various local issues.
  2. She has__________ a lot lately and I think she deserves a holiday.
  3. As time__________ , we became more and more anxious.
  4. The moment the earthquake struck, all the lights____________.
  5. I don’t think that this Persian rug__________ the curtains.
  6. I’ve_______________ these figures twice and I still can’t find the error.
  7. The baby__________ a cold last week but she’s feeling better now.
  8. He_____________ her when she rushed out of the cafe.
  9. My brother is thinking of____________ basketball this season.

Still, yet, already

Still in affirmative, interrogative and negative sentences means that the action continues. It usually comes BEFORE the verb, but after forms of the verb to be.

■ I’m still working on the same project.
■ Are you still interested in doing an MA ?
■ She still hasn’t received the report I sent her.

Yet in negative and interrogative sentences means up to the time of speaking. It usually comes AT THE END of the sentence.

■ Have you finished yet?
■ It’s not ready yet.

Note: Still may be used instead of yet in negative sentences to place special emphasis on the negative.

■ It isn’t still raining. It has already stopped.
■ I still haven’t finished typing those letters.

Already in affirmative sentences means by this/that time. It usually comes before the main verb but it can also come at the end of the sentence. It may be used at the end of questions to express surprise.

■ I’ve already read this book, so you can borrow it.
■ Are you leaving already?  

Correct the mistakes in the sentences below.

  1. I yet haven’t found the answer to that question.

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  1. He hasn’t been to the bank still.

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  1. I don’t want to see that film. I have seen it yet.

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  1. I've been to Venice several times but I already get lost.

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  1. Despite working hard, Bob is yet making mistakes.

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Objects with two identical parts

a. These nouns are always in the plural.

■ trousers, glasses, pliers, binoculars, tweezers, etc.

b. The verb that follows these nouns is in the plural form too.

■ Your jeans are dirty. You’d better wash them.

c. To refer to one or several items, use the expression pair (of).

■ a pair of jeans, four pairs of jeans
■ a pair of scissors

Match the phrases 1-4 with the phrases A-D to make complete sentences.

  1. My white shoes are dirty
  2. My daughter's new shorts
  3. The scissors he used to kill the victim
  4. I don’t think his new sunglasses

A. were found in a drawer.
B. suit him.
C. so I’ll have to wash them.
D. are too small so I’ve got to take them back.

Present Perfect Simple vs. Present Perfect Continuous

The Present Perfect Simple (I have done) is used to describe an action:

a. that happened in the past at a time which is not speci¬fied and the result comes up to the present,

■ I’ve washed the dishes. (The dishes are clean now.)

b. that happened once or more than once within an unfinished period of time (e.g. this week, this afternoon),

■ I’ve seen him twice this morning. (It is still morning.)

Compare:

■ I saw him twice this morning. (Now it’s afternoon or evening.)

c. that was recently completed. In this case use just or recently before the past participle.

■ Raymond has just finished his homework.

The Present Perfect Continuous (I have been doing) is used to describe an action:

a. which is in progress at the moment of speaking but also extends backwards into the past for a specified period of time,

■ She’s been working for the same company for six years / since 1997.

b. which finished only a short time ago (the results are clearly seen or felt at the moment of speaking).

■ Why are you breathless? Have you been running?

Note: Yet and already are often used with the Present Perfect.

■ Haven’t you finished yet?
■ I’ve already read that book, so you can borrow it.

Decide whether the underlined verbs are right or wrong. Correct the mistakes.

  1. I have waited for you since ten o’clock.

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  1. Have you already finished your homework?

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  1. Watch out! I have just been painting the door.

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  1. I look tired because I have been working really hard today

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  1. John has been seeing Ann twice this week.

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  1. He has known her for a year.

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  1. Have you seen the film The Lord of the Flings yet?

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Exercise 1

For numbers 1 -11, read the text below and look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word which should not be there. If a line is correct, put a tick () by the number. If a line has a word that should not be there, write the word in the box.

THE BARBIE DOLL IMAGE

Psychologists have yet long believed that repeated exposure to images of
thin women on magazine covers, on TV shows and in films is been linked to
the rising incidence of eating disorders. Researchers did surveyed 238
women and discovered that those with the most exposure to ‘ideal’ body
images in the media were most likely to display eating-disorder symptoms.
These women tended to hide their desire to be model-thin. Making the
matters worse is the fact that this too-slender goal is not only unhealthy,
but almost hardly impossible to achieve since only one in 10,000 females
biologically meets model-thin standards. However, the media is not fully
entirely to blame. When family members and peers suggest that one has so
put on weight and needs to go on a diet, they reinforce the thin ideal, too.		 1.___________
2.___________
3.___________
4.___________
5.___________
6.___________
7.___________
8.___________
9.___________
10.__________
11.__________

Exercise 2

For numbers 12-17, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

WHAT ARE WE CHEWING?

How (12 EAT)………………… was chewing gum when it was first discovered? The (13 ORIGIN)………………… Base of chewing gum was found in the Sapodilla tree in South America. Americans travelled to South America on the (14 ASSUME)…………..…… that this base could be used in the (15 PRODUCT)……………….. of synthetic rubber. However, after many (16 FAIL)…………………., attempts to improve its elasticity were abandoned. Finally, Mr Adams discovered a (17 PROFIT) ………………. way to use it and thought of selling it as chewing gum.

Exercise 3

For numbers 18 - 26, read the text below and think of the word which fits each space. Use only one word in each space.

WAKING UP TO FOOD

Do you skip breakfast? Lots of people do because (18)…………………. years we’ve been (19)……………….mixed signals about eating breakfast. On the one hand, we’ve been told that it’s critical for good health; on the (20)………………..  , we’ve been informed that it’s more of an option than a necessity. However, there is growing evidence that your body needs a nutritious wake-up call. Research has found that people who don’t (21)…………………..something at the start of the day have higher levels of cholesterol than those who do, and they tend to eat (22)………………….  throughout the day to make up for what they missed in the morning. What’s (23)…………….  , if you skip breakfast you (24)…………..     the risk of missing out on important nutrients such as fibre in cereals and whole-grain breads, vitamins from juice or fruit and calcium in milk. So, try (25)……………….       some orange juice in the morning instead of coffee and have a bowl of cereal instead of running out the door saying ‘No time to eat. I’ve got to run.’ You may (26)……………. that you’ll get more out of breakfast cereal than just the special prize in the box.

Exercise 4

For numbers 27 - 31, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given.

  1. The police haven’t yet located the suspect Involved In the bank robbery. (still)

The police ………………………….the suspect involved In the bank robbery.

  1. Researchers have recently completed their latest survey into European eating habits. (just)

Researchers………………………….. their latest survey into European eating habits.

  1. Maria has just given birth to triplets. (had)

Maria……………………………………. triplets.

  1. John’s been working on his school project since last week. (for)

John’s…………………………..  week.

  1. We enjoyed your party very much. (time)

We ………………………………party.