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Unit 3: The environment | Vocabulary | B2

Ecological issues have become more newsworthy in recent years – some say we are entering a new environment – conscious age. When Prince Charles made his famous speeches voicing his concern about damage to the ozone layer, he was called a ‘crank’ but, later, experts revealed to the general public that he had brought to their attention a growing problem. Since then, the ‘greenhouse effect’ and ‘ozone – friendly’ have become household phrases associated with our awareness of the problems. People often refer to environment concerns as ‘green issues’ and the word ‘green’ has itself become a synonym for ecological awareness.crank – colloquial term for someone considered foolish or eccentric.

EXERCISE 1

Explain the meaning of these words as they appear in the text:

WORDS	MEANING
newsworthy
voicing
friendly
household
concerns

How can you help to protect the environment?

Every week, thousands of tonnes of household rubbish are thrown away. Much of this rubbish could be recycled, thereby saving energy, conserving resources, and cutting down pollution. For example, glass can be recycled and re-used; this is not a new idea for the glass industry. The use of bottle banks is increasing: a bottle bank is a large container provided for people to dispose of their unwanted glass bottles which are then taken to a recycling centre. Milk bottles are constantly used and re-used, as are some beer and soft drinks bottles which can often be returned to the shop from which they were bought and exchanged for a small deposit. Aerosol cans, which contain chemicals harmful to the atmosphere, have been replaced with new devices. People are now more aware of what they can do as individuals to contribute to environmental protection.

We as consumers make choices about what we buy and these choices in turn have an effect on the state of the world in which we live.

EXERCISE 2 | Shopping and ecology

Sort the following consumer guidelines (advice) into DOs and DON'Ts:

1. Buy products in glass or metal containers which can be re-used or recycled.
A. DO B. DON’T

2. Buy products made of fur, ivory or other animal skins or parts.
A. DO B. DON’T

3. Buy paper which has been recycled.
A. DO B. DON’T

4. Buy plastic containers.
A. DO B. DON’T

5. Use paper instead of plastic bags.
A. DO B. DON’T

6. Use aerosols which contain CFC gases.
A. DO B. DON’T

7. Return re-usable containers to the shop or take to a bottle bank.
A. DO B. DON’T

8. Buy products which have involved animal experimentation in their production.
A. DO B. DON’T

EXERCISE 3 | Have you heard of GREENPEACE?

waste ecological animals organization campaigns

Read the following paragraph and then fill the gaps using the words provided below:

GREENPEACE is the name of an 1. dedicated to the protection and preservation of the environment. Their 2. have informed the publicabout toxic 3. disposal in our seas and the dangers of extinction for 4. such as whales, dolphins, turtles and seals. They help put pressure on governments and industries to dispose of chemical waste safely and continue to increase our awareness about 5. issues.

EXERCISE 4

Match the following verbs and nouns to make phrases connected with the environment:

1. to launch o waste

2. to become o a campaign

3. to dispose of o the environment

4. to protect o concern

5. to voice o extinct

A. waste

B. a campaign

C. the environment

D. concern

E. extinct

EXERCISE 5

Below is a list of words in verb and noun forms. Fill the gaps to complete the list:

VERB	NOUN
To dedicate
	Preservation
	disposal
To pressurise
	increase
To protect

EXERCISE 6 | ECO-QUIZ

Plastic pollute recycling aerosols extinct

1. The process by which substances are broken down to be used again or made into something else is called_________________________________________ .

2. ____________ contain gases which are harmful to the atmosphere.

3. ____________ is less easy to dispose of than paper.

4. If we kill animals for experimentation or for their skins, there is a danger that they could become .

5. If we____________ the environment, we will spoil it for future generations.

EXERCISE 7

Here are some easily confused words; choose the correct one to complete the sentences which follow:

Spoil litter rubbish pollute dirt

1. Some factories the environment with toxic gases and chemical waste.

2. Don't the beach; it's dangerous and unpleasant for others.

3. It is all too easy to be careless with ; don't leave it lying around - find a bin or take it home with you.

4. The residents argued that a factory site in the village would aparticularly beautiful area of countryside.

5. When they cleaned off the , they saw an unusual pattern on the vase.

EXERCISE 8 | ANAGRAMS

All of these words appeared in this unit. Can you unscramble them?

A Y F C T R O

O L Y G C E O

E C Y R E C L

O E S D S I P

T E X N I T C