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Unit 13 | Grammar | B2
Phrasal verbs
| come about | happen |
| come across | find or meet by chance give the impression of having a particular characteristic |
| come apart | break or collapse |
| come by | obtain sth unexpectedly |
| come down | go or fall to a lower level |
| come forward | present oneself |
| come off | succeed in happening |
| come round | visit / regain consciousness |
| come through | survive and recover from a dangerous situation |
| come up | arise as a subject |
| come up against | be faced with a problem |
| come up with | suggest an idea or plan |
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate phrasal verbs.
1. He ______________________ the operation all right.
2. I’ll _____________________ to see you tomorrow.
3. When his name _____________ during the discussion, everyone fell silent.
4. He _____________ as a rude and selfish boy.
5. Two witnesses ______________ to testify against the defendant.
6. The discovery of penicillin actually ______________ by accident.
7. I dropped the book on the floor and its pages ____________________.
8. I __________________ some very interesting manuscripts in the library.
9. Despite her nervousness, her performance ________________ very well.
10. He __________________ the most extraordinary excuse for his absence.
11. If our expenses don’t _______________, we’ll soon face bankruptcy.
12. They _______________ a problem they couldn’t solve.
13. I wonder how he _______________ all that money.
14. She ______________ one hour later she had fainted.
What is…like?/How…?/What does…look like?
What is...like? is used to ask for a description of the qualities of something/someone.
■ What’s your new job like?
The answer can be a description or a comparison.
■ It’s quite interesting but rather tiring.
■ It’s much more interesting than the previous one.
How...? is used:
a. when we want to know the manner in which something is/was/will be done,
■ How did you do it?
b. before adjectives/adverbs.
■ How tall is he?
■ How fast was he going?
What does...look like? is used to ask for a description of the appearance, not the character.
■ ‘What does he look like?’
‘He’s tall and handsome.’
Write appropriate questions for these statements.
1._____________________________________________________?
Go straight ahead to the junction and then follow the signs to Cambridge. You won’t miss it.
2._____________________________________________________?
She has blond hair and a fair complexion.
3._____________________________________________________?
It was one of the best films I’ve ever seen.
4._____________________________________________________?
I know him very well because we’ve been friends since we left school.
The same…as, as much as, as many as
The same...as is used with nouns referring to: age, colour, height, length, etc.
■ My mother is the same age as my father.
but not with adjectives such as: old, red, tall.
■ Wrong: My mother is the same old as my father.
As much as and as many as are often used with multiple numbers: half, twice, three times, four times, etc.
■ John ate twice as much as Andrew but drank half as many pints of beer.
Multiple numbers always come before, not after the phrase as much/ many as.
■This is twice as much as I wanted.
Use the same...as. as much as or as many as to rewrite the sentences.
- Your blouse is red and mine is too. (colour)
_____________________________________________
- I’ve got $6 and he’s got $3. (money)
_____________________________________________
- Luke’s job pays him a lot of money and so does Helen’s. (salary)
_____________________________________________
- I know a lot of people but you know more.
_____________________________________________
Passive voice (Part C)
If the active sentence consists of:
subject verb that - clause
People say that he is rich.
it has two possible forms in the passive:
■ It is said that he is rich.
He is said to be rich.
Note the different types of infinitive used, depending on the time of the action in relation to the time of the main verb:
People expect him to come tomorrow.
■ He is expected to come tomorrow.
People say that he died in Asia.
■ He is said to have died in Asia.
People say that he is working hard.
■ He is said to be working hard.
We believe that he has been working very hard recently.
■ He is believed to have been working very hard recently.
Finish each of the sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.
- People say that he once appeared on TV.
He is _____________________________________________
- Years ago, people believed that the earth was flat.
Years ago, the earth _____________________________________________
- It is thought that Christopher Columbus was one of the world's greatest explorers.
Christopher Columbus _____________________________________________
- The report says that several people were injured during the earthquake.
It is _____________________________________________
Exercise 1
For numbers 1-8, read the text below and look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word which should i be there. If a line is correct, put a tick (✓) by the number. If a line has a word that should not be there, write the word in the box.
CHILD CRIMINALS
1 ___________ In a case that shocked to the whole of Europe, two girls, S. Thomas and
2 ___________ J. Richards, both 13 years old, were found guilty of kidnapping and
3 ___________ murdering this four-year-old L. Davies. The two girls are the youngest
4 ___________ European subjects to be convicted of murder in during the last 250 years.
5 ___________ Thomas and Richards were sentenced to imprisonment and it is believed
6 ___________ that they will to serve a jail term of at least 25 years. The overwhelming
7 ___________ and indisputable evidence that were led to this jail sentence was a video tape of
8 ___________ the both two girls leading the four-year-old out of a sports centre and their subsequent confession.
Exercise 2
For numbers 9-15, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space the same line.
SOMETHING NEEDS TO BE DONE
Every year 20,000 species of wildlife become extinct because their habitat is being destroyed by man. It is clear that something must be done to stop the loss of biodiversity (the (9 REPLACE)……………variety of animal and plant life around the globe). In order to do this, countries must identify (10 DANGER)………………. species and protect the places where they live. A lot of countries need (11 FINANCE)……………… help so when a company manufactures a medicine using the ingredients from a rare plant or animal, it should share the profits with the country where the (12 DISCOVER)…………………… was made. Nothing is being done to stop logging companies, (13 SETTLE)…………………. and land speculators from chopping down or burning (14 TROPIC)………………. forests where a lot of these rare species live. Something needs to be done before all the (15 BIOLOGY)……………… treasures of these forests are destroyed.
Exercise 3
For numbers 16-23, read the text below and think of the word which fits each space. Use only one word in each space.
CHILDREN AND THE LAW
In Britain, a child below the age of 10 cannot (16)………………………… found guilty of a criminal offence, which means the breaking of a rule or law. Children (17)…………………….. the ages of 10-14 (18)…………………… be convicted of crimes if it can be (19)………………….. that they knew what they were doing was wrong. Children from 14 and over (20)……………………………. assumed to know as much about crime and the law (21)………………….. an adult. In other words, when they are arrested for a crime, their case is decided in a Juvenile Court (22)………………….. law, (a special court that tries young people). (23)……………………….. 17 a child becomes an adult in the eyes of the law.
Exercise 4
For numbers 24 - 28, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given.
- This tin contains 500 grams of coffee but that tin contains less coffee. (much)
That tin…………………………………………………….. this tin.
- ‘What does that new synthetic fur feel like?’ she asked. (felt)
She wanted…………………………………………………. like.
- They say that the questions that have been included in this week’s test are the same as last week’s.
It……………………………………. in this week’s test are the same as last week’s test. (said)
- They believe that the ship, which was supposedly carrying supplies, actually had a cargo consisting of drugs and lethal weapons. (is)
It……………………………………………. which was supposedly carrying supplies, actually had a cargo consisting of drugs and lethal weapons.
- ‘How did the suspect who was carrying the gun come to your attention?’ he asked the witness.
The witness……………………………… the suspect who had been carrying the gun. (noticed)